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Monday, 03 October 2011

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Court out

3 October 2011

The modernisation of the Belarus economy could see commercial lawyers = no=20 longer being able to represent clients in court. Dale McEwan asks: is = this just=20 par for the course for an up-to-date legal system?

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The legal profession in Belarus is facing a draft law that could see = the=20 representation of clients in courts - including = commercial=E2=80=82courts=E2=80=82-=20 performed exclusively by advocates. Under the law, commercial = lawyers who=20 work in commercial firms would not be able to represent clients in=20 court.

Although this law would bring the country into line with a range of = others,=20 it represents a significant development in the Belarus legal market, = which some=20 may say is still in its infancy. The country is home to approximately = 170=20 licensed law firms and it is unclear whether the law will be adopted as = it=20 stands or if there will be amendments.

Diminished responsibility

=E2=80=9CInitially the draft law envisaged that commercial = lawyers would cease=20 to exist as a class - all of them had to either become advocates or stop = their=20 activity,=E2=80=9D says Sergei Makarchuk, managing partner at Cerha = Hempel Spiegelfeld=20 Hlawati=E2=80=99s Minsk office. =E2=80=9CThis drew objections from = commercial lawyers. Later the=20 legislator agreed to
save commercial lawyers but deprive them of the = right=20 to represent clients in court. Presumably this would create an = incentive=20 for commercial lawyers to become advocates.=E2=80=9D

=E2=80=9CThe idea to unite the two institutions has been there about = as long as I=E2=80=99ve=20 practised law - more than 10 years,=E2=80=9D says Maksim Salahub, office = managing=20 partner at Sorainen=E2=80=99s Belarus branch. =E2=80=9CThe government = may think this will=20 eliminate unnecessary barriers for legal service providers - ie we all = become=20 advocates able to practise in all areas and represent clients in all = courts.=20 However, I think the reform hasn=E2=80=99t been thought through or = implemented with due=20 care.

=E2=80=9CMany law firms will lose a considerable share of business. = Few advocates=20 will be able to represent clients at commercial courts as efficiently as = private=20 lawyers.=E2=80=9D

These sentiments are echoed by Alexander Korsak, a partner at = Arzinger=20 & Partners. =E2=80=9CThe real problem is that, from the beginning of = the sovereignty=20 of Belarus, there=E2=80=99s been a division of cases between advocates, = who handle civil=20 and criminal cases, and private lawyers, who do economic = cases,=E2=80=9D says=20 Korsak.

Economic disputes constitute a tasty morsel for the state = advocacy.

=E2=80=9CWe=E2=80=99re not sure that advocates have enough = qualifications to handle economic=20 cases on an appropriate level,=E2=80=9D Korsak warns.

Law Group Argument partner Dmitry Matveev also offers thoughts on the = proposal=E2=80=99s motivations. =E2=80=9CAdvocates are interested in = this law,=E2=80=9D he says. =E2=80=9C[They]=20 have lobbied their interest and somehow they influenced the legislative=20 process,=E2=80=9D Matveev says.

=E2=80=9CFrankly speaking, the underlying reasons for this draft = law are=20 unclear,=E2=80=9D states Makarchuk. =E2=80=9CHowever, it=E2=80=99s clear = that the draft law=E2=80=99s targeted=20 at the monopolisation of the legal services market by = advocates.=E2=80=9D

If the law is implemented private lawyers will either have to go to = the bar=20 to become advocates or hire advocates to represent their clients.

Korsak says his firm has yet to make a decision, but his team may = cooperate=20 with advocates and hire them for relevant projects.

Matveev thinks his firm will have to have its own advocate, while = Salahub=20 says that some of his firm=E2=80=99s associates from the litigation = practice may=20 become advocates.

Liberal partly

Development of the legal market is clearly intertwined with the = development=20 of the economy. While the Belarus economy has become more liberal, there = is=20 still much work to be done in this area.

According to Salahub, most progress has been made in areas such as = corporate=20 law. A limited-liability company can now be created in five days = and online=20 registration is being introduced. This places the country seventh = globally with=20 regard to the ease with which a business can be started, according to = rankings=20 from the World Bank=E2=80=99s =E2=80=99Doing Business=E2=80=99 = project.

Tax reform is also producing results, says Salahub. The simplified = taxation=20 system, whereby small and mid-sized businesses pay a single = revenue-based tax,=20 is becoming more popular.

=E2=80=9CBut yet we have to admit that a lot of work should be = done,=E2=80=9D concedes=20 Korsak. =E2=80=9CIn particular, the economy=E2=80=99s ruled by = administrative methods - it=E2=80=99s far=20 from the concept of a market economy. We believe that the most important = steps=20 in the process of liberalisation will be connected with an abatement of = the role=20 of the state in the regulation of the economy and the minimisation of = risk. One=20 such aspect is the increasing denationalisation of enterprises and=20 demonopolisation in certain economic spheres.=E2=80=9D

As Belarus undergoes a mass privatisation programme, increasing = interest is=20 being shown by the Baltic states. Earlier this year, pan-Baltic firm = Varul=20 opened an office in Minsk, for example.

=E2=80=9CYes, our Baltic neighbours are really interested in = establishing businesses=20 in Belarus,=E2=80=9D says Korsak. =E2=80=9CLithuania=E2=80=99s not rich = in natural resources and doesn=E2=80=99t=20 have its own developed heavy industry.=E2=80=9D

He says the sectors of most interest are raw materials processing and = heavy=20 industry.

Shifty character

If Belarus is compared to neighbouring markets, such as those of the = Baltic=20 states, it would be fair to say that its legal market still has = potential for=20 growth, says Salahub.

=E2=80=9CThe economy, which is around 75 per cent state-owned, = attracts a limited=20 amount of foreign and domestic private investment, which is a source of = work for=20 law firms,=E2=80=9D explains Salahub. =E2=80=9CAnother challenge is the = immature legal culture.=20 Local businesses, both private and state-controlled, see little value in = quality=20 legal support.=E2=80=9D

Firms are in agreement that the instability of legislation in = Belarus is=20 a significant hurdle and that liberalisation means constant = change.

=E2=80=9CAt present the rules of the game are changing often and very = fast,=E2=80=9D muses=20 Makarchuk. =E2=80=9CThis fact is perceived negatively by all = investors, both=20 foreign and domestic.=E2=80=9D

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return result; } //get the contents of the given meta-tag function getMeta(metatag) { metas =3D document.getElementsByTagName("meta"); for (i=3D0;i -1) { return fileName; } else { return "index"; } } //Returns title from URL on .detail pages function getTitleURL() { var strPath =3D window.location.pathname; var strTitle =3D ""; if (strPath.indexOf("/") > -1) { var arrPath =3D strPath.split("/"); strTitle =3D arrPath[arrPath.length-2]; return strTitle; } } //returns the headline from the title tag function getHeadline() { var theTitle =3D document.title; var theHeadline =3D theTitle.substring(0, theTitle.indexOf("|")); return theHeadline; } //return the name of the event from the URl function getEventName() { =09 var levels =3D = removeSlashesFromDirectoryNames(getDirectory()).split("/"); return levels[2]; =09 } //return the directorys/depth of current page function getDirectory() { var theFile =3D getFileName(); if (theFile.indexOf(".") > -1) { return location.pathname.substring(0, = location.pathname.indexOf(theFile)); } else { return location.pathname; } } //returns the filename without the extension function fileNameWithoutExtension(fileName) { =09 var thefile; thefile =3D fileName.substring(0, fileName.indexOf(".")); return thefile; =09 } // toggle function function toggleLayer( whichLayer ) { =20 var elem, vis; =20 if ( document.getElementById ) elem =3D document.getElementById( whichLayer ); else if ( document.all ) elem =3D document.all[whichLayer]; else if ( document.layers ) elem =3D document.layers[whichLayer]; =20 vis =3D elem.style; if (vis.display =3D=3D '' && elem.offsetWidth !=3D undefined && = elem.offsetHeight !=3D undefined) vis.display =3D (elem.offsetWidth !=3D0 && elem.offsetHeight !=3D0) ? = 'block':'none'; =20 vis.display =3D (vis.display =3D=3D '' || vis.display =3D=3D 'block') ? = 'none':'block'; } function getElementsByClassName (node, classname) { var a =3D []; var re =3D new RegExp('\\b' + classname + '\\b'); var els =3D node.getElementsByTagName("*"); for (var i=3D0 , j=3Dels.length ; i < j ; i++) { if (re.test(els[i].className)) { a.push(els[i]) } } return a; } // detects subsite based on part of URL // requires a string, e.g. 'channels/process-engineering' function subsiteByURL(subsite) { if (currentURL.indexOf(subsite)>0) { return true; } return false; } // move ad output from placeholders to positions // requires element ids with _inv/_vis suffix function moveAdvert(AdContent) { var invContent =3D document.getElementById(AdContent + '_inv'); var visContent =3D document.getElementById(AdContent + '_vis'); visContent.appendChild(invContent); invContent.style.display =3D 'block'; return false; } // commonly used variables var CelerityGuidID =3D getMeta("CelerityGuidID");=20 var TopNav =3D "News,Law Firms & The Bar,Practice Areas,In-House & = Public Sector,Practice Management,Education & Training"; var primaryNav =3D getMeta("primarynavigation");=20 var currentURL =3D window.location.href; var rootURL =3D "http://www.thelawyer.com/"; var sitePrefix =3D "tl"; var max_buttons =3D 8; var rh_buttons =3D 8; //set number of r-h side buttons var rh_slot =3D 0; var rh_blocks =3D "JOTW,FRs,JobSearch,MPU,CPDad,CPDsearch"; var RH_all =3D ""; // AdTech size IDs var LboardSizeID =3D 225; var BLboardSizeID =3D 225; var MPUSizeID =3D = 170; var InPgMPUSizeID =3D 170; JOTW1SizeID =3D 186; var CPDBTSizeID =3D = 186; var PromoBTSizeID =3D 2018; var DB1SizeID =3D 3923; var DB2SizeID = =3D 3923; var DB3SizeID =3D 3923; var DB4SizeID =3D 3923; var DB5SizeID = =3D 3923; var DB6SizeID =3D 3923; var DB7SizeID =3D 3923; var DB8SizeID = =3D 3923;=20 // default ads array (position, ID) - will be served when mapping fails var arrAds =3D []; arrAds =3D = [['Lboard',3042987],['BLboard',3042133],['MPU',3041095],['InPgMPU',303873= 5],['JOTW1',3044162],['CPDBT',3042524],['PromoBT',3040101],['DB1',3044907= ],['DB2',3042865],['DB3',3038346],['DB4',3038965],['DB5',3042214],['DB6',= 3041609],['DB7',3041998],['DB8',3045210]]; // AdTech groupID if (window.adgroupid =3D=3D undefined)=20 window.adgroupid =3D Math.round(Math.random() * 1000); // Audience Science code var rsi_segs =3D []; var segs_beg =3D document.cookie.indexOf('rsi_segs=3D'); if(segs_beg >=3D 0) { segs_beg =3D document.cookie.indexOf('=3D',segs_beg)+1; if(segs_beg > 0) { var segs_end =3D document.cookie.indexOf(';',segs_beg); if(segs_end =3D=3D -1) segs_end =3D document.cookie.length; rsi_segs =3D = document.cookie.substring(segs_beg,segs_end).split('|'); } } var segLen =3D 9; var segQS =3D ""; if(rsi_segs.length < segLen) { segLen=3Drsi_segs.length; } for(var i=3D0; i < segLen; i++){ if (i < segLen-1) { segQS +=3D rsi_segs[i] + "+"; } else { segQS +=3D rsi_segs[i]; } } ------=_NextPart_000_0048_01CCA614.8E2E7DB0 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.thelawyer.com/magazine/CentaurJS/Story.js // ----------------- // Start Analytics // ----------------- scChannel =3D "editorial:" + getMeta("section"); scprop3 =3D sitePrefix + " " + getHeadline(); scprop4 =3D sitePrefix + " " + fileNameWithoutExtension(getFileName()); scprop5 =3D sitePrefix + " " + getMeta("section") var rawCategories =3D getMeta("categories"); scprop25 =3D rawCategories.replace(/,/gi,"|"); var primaryNavigation =3D = reversePrimaryNavigation(getMeta("primarynavigation")); //deal with pageName var scPageName =3D primaryNavigation[0] + ":article:" + scprop3; var scprop19 =3D primaryNavigation[0] + ":article"; if (primaryNavigation.length > 1 ) { scPageName =3D ""; scprop19 =3D ""; for (i =3D 0; i < primaryNavigation.length; i++) { scPageName =3D scPageName + primaryNavigation[i] + ":";=20 scprop19 =3D scprop19 + primaryNavigation[i] + ":"; } scPageName =3D scPageName + "article:" + scprop3; scprop19 =3D scprop19 + "article"; } //check for comment if (currentURL.indexOf("#commentsubmitted") > -1) { scEvents=3D"event17"; =09 } //deal with props 6 - 9 switch (primaryNavigation.length) { case 1:=20 =09 scprop6 =3D sitePrefix scprop7 =3D scprop6 + ":" + primaryNavigation[0]; scprop8 =3D scprop7 + ":" + "article"; scprop9 =3D scprop8; scHier1 =3D scprop7 + ":articles"; //scPageName =3D primaryNavigation[0] + ":" + "article"; =09 break; =09 case 2:=20 scprop6 =3D sitePrefix scprop7 =3D scprop6 + ":" + primaryNavigation[0]; scprop8 =3D scprop7 + ":" + primaryNavigation[1]; scprop9 =3D scprop8 + ":" + "article"; scHier1 =3D scprop7 + ":articles"; //scPageName =3D primaryNavigation[0] + ":" + primaryNavigation[1] + = ":" + "article"; =09 break; case 3: scprop6 =3D sitePrefix scprop7 =3D scprop6 + ":" + primaryNavigation[0]; scprop8 =3D scprop7 + ":" + primaryNavigation[1]; scprop9 =3D scprop8 + ":" + primaryNavigation[2] + ":" + "article"; scHier1 =3D scprop9 + ":articles"; //scPageName =3D primaryNavigation[0] + ":" + primaryNavigation[1] + = ":" + primaryNavigation[2] + ":" + "article"; =09 break; case 4: scprop6 =3D sitePrefix scprop7 =3D scprop6 + ":" + primaryNavigation[0]; scprop8 =3D scprop7 + ":" + primaryNavigation[1]; scprop9 =3D scprop8 + ":" + primaryNavigation[2] + ":" + "article"; scHier1 =3D scprop9 + ":articles"; =09 break; } if (user_id !=3D 0) { scEVar31 =3D getUserInfo('type'); scEVar32 =3D getUserInfo('expired'); scEVar33 =3D getUserInfo('source'); } scprop24 =3D getContentInfo(); scprop18 =3D "article"; // ----------------- // End Analytics // ----------------- // ----------------- // Start advertising // ----------------- // defaults for ads and html slots var pnav =3D ''; if (primaryNav!=3D"") { pnav=3DprimaryNav; pnav =3D pnav.replace('&','&'); } // generate keyvalue string with article ID var articleFile =3D getFileName(); var articleID =3D articleFile.substring(0, articleFile.indexOf('.')); var strkv =3D ""; if (articleID > 0) strkv =3D "kvarticleid=3D" + articleID + ";"; var abr =3D 'TLDef'; // alias base string //var rh_buttons =3D 6; //var rh_slot =3D 0; //var rh_blocks =3D "JOTW,FRs,JobSearch,MPU,CPDad,CPDsearch"; var xml_file =3D "/magazine/CentaurJS/TL_articles.xml"; // load XML doc and map pnav to categories and placement aliases if (window.XMLHttpRequest) { xhttp=3Dnew XMLHttpRequest(); } else {// for IE 5/6 xhttp=3Dnew ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } xhttp.open("GET",xml_file,false); xhttp.send(null); xmlDoc=3Dxhttp.responseXML; if (xmlDoc) { var areas =3D xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("area"); for(var i=3D0;i 0) { abr =3D = areas[i].getElementsByTagName("abr")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue; // area = alias } if (areas[i].getElementsByTagName("rh_slot").length !=3D 0 && = areas[i].getElementsByTagName("rh_slot")[0].childNodes.length > 0) { rh_slot =3D = areas[i].getElementsByTagName("rh_slot")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue; } if (areas[i].getElementsByTagName("rh_blocks").length !=3D 0 && = areas[i].getElementsByTagName("rh_blocks")[0].childNodes.length > 0) { rh_blocks =3D = areas[i].getElementsByTagName("rh_blocks")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue; } if (areas[i].getElementsByTagName("rh_buttons").length !=3D 0 && = areas[i].getElementsByTagName("rh_buttons")[0].childNodes.length > 0) { rh_buttons =3D = areas[i].getElementsByTagName("rh_buttons")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue; } } } } // generate Ad tags from ads array for (var f=3D0;f'; //alert(window[Apos]); } //InPgMPU =3D 'None'; // uncomment this to turn off in-page MPU // random buttons function random_ads() { var AdCount =3D parseInt(rh_buttons); if (AdCount =3D=3D=3D undefined) AdCount =3D 4; //set default var LeftCount =3D 2; //set default if (AdCount%2 =3D=3D 1) {=20 LeftCount =3D (AdCount + 1) / 2; // deal with odd AdCount } else { LeftCount =3D AdCount / 2; } function randOrd(){ //return (Math.round(Math.random())-0.3); return (0.5 - Math.random()); }=20 // create buttons array based on max number var randAds =3D []; for (var a=3D0; a'); for (var i=3D0; i

\n'); =09 document.write('

\n'); for (var k=3D1; k<=3DAdCount; k++) { //alert('Button' + k); moveAdvert('RButton' + k); } } // HTML blocks var strJOTW=3D""; strJOTW +=3D ""; strJOTW +=3D "

"; strJOTW +=3D "

Job of the Week<\/h2>"; strJOTW +=3D "
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